Sharper Image® Calming Heat XXL-Wide Massaging Weighted Heating Pad, 12 Setting, 5lbs

Twelve or 12 may refer to:

• 12 (number)
• December, the twelfth and final month of the year
• Dozen, a group of twelve

In thermodynamics, heat is the thermal energy transferred between systems due to a temperature difference. In colloquial use, heat sometimes refers to thermal energy itself. Thermal energy is the kinetic energy of vibrating and colliding atoms in a substance.

An example of formal vs. informal usage may be obtained from the right-hand photo, in which the metal bar is "conducting heat" from its hot end to its cold end, but if the metal bar is considered a thermodynamic system, then the energy flowing within the metal bar is called internal energy, not heat. The hot metal bar is also transferring heat to its surroundings, a correct statement for both the strict and loose meanings of heat. Another example of informal usage is the term heat content, used despite the fact that physics defines heat as energy transfer. More accurately, it is thermal energy that is contained in the system or body, as it is stored in the microscopic degrees of freedom of the modes of vibration.

Heat is energy in transfer to or from a thermodynamic system by a mechanism that involves the microscopic atomic modes of motion or the corresponding macroscopic properties. This descriptive characterization excludes the transfers of energy by thermodynamic work or mass transfer. Defined quantitatively, the heat involved in a process is the difference in internal energy between the final and initial states of a system, and subtracting the work done in the process. This is the formulation of the first law of thermodynamics.

Calorimetry is measurement of quantity of energy transferred as heat by its effect on the states of interacting bodies, for example, by the amount of ice melted or by change in temperature of a body.

In the International System of Units (SI), the unit of measurement for heat, as a form of energy, is the joule (J).

An image is a visual representation. An image can be two-dimensional, such as a drawing, painting, or photograph, or three-dimensional, such as a carving or sculpture. Images may be displayed through other media, including a projection on a surface, activation of electronic signals, or digital displays; they can also be reproduced through mechanical means, such as photography, printmaking, or photocopying. Images can also be animated through digital or physical processes.

In the context of signal processing, an image is a distributed amplitude of color(s). In optics, the term "image" (or "optical image") refers specifically to the reproduction of an object formed by light waves coming from the object.

A volatile image exists or is perceived only for a short period. This may be a reflection of an object by a mirror, a projection of a camera obscura, or a scene displayed on a cathode-ray tube. A fixed image, also called a hard copy, is one that has been recorded on a material object, such as paper or textile.

A mental image exists in an individual's mind as something one remembers or imagines. The subject of an image does not need to be real; it may be an abstract concept such as a graph or function or an imaginary entity. For a mental image to be understood outside of an individual's mind, however, there must be a way of conveying that mental image through the words or visual productions of the subject.

Setting or Settings may refer to:

• A location (geography) where something is set
• Set construction in theatrical scenery
• Setting (narrative), the place and time in a work of narrative, especially fiction
• Setting up to fail a manipulative technique to engineer failure
• Stonesetting, in jewelry, when a diamond or gem is set into a frame or bed
• Campaign setting in role playing play
• In computers and electronics, the computer configuration or options of the software or device
  • Settings (Windows)
• Typesetting
• Set and setting, the context for psychedelic drug experiences
• Setting (knot), the tightening of a knot
• Musical setting, the composition of music for an existing text, usually in choral music

A sharper is an older term, common since the seventeenth-century, for thieves who use trickery to part an owner with his or her money or other possessions. Sharpers vary from what are now known as con-men by virtue of the simplicity of their cons, which often were impromptu, rather than carefully orchestrated, though those certainly happened as well. The 1737 Dictionary of Thieving Slang defines a sharper as "A Cheat, One who lives by his wits". In the nineteenth century, and into today, the term is more closely associated with gambling.

Sharpers were romantic figures in the eighteenth-century, valued as imaginative figures for their perceived social independence and ability to create new social networks of gangs. The appeal of an independent society, operating outside the law, has been imaginatively evocative for centuries, but in eighteenth-century London philosophical thought, influenced by Thomas Hobbes and Rousseau's new formulations of social contract, the romanticization of thievery reached new levels. John Gay's The Beggar's Opera and Henry Fielding's novel Jonathan Wild are only two examples of sharpers as heroes, in these cases, to provide satirical ammunition against Robert Walpole, the British Prime Minister.

WIDE or Wide may refer to:

• Wide (cricket), a type of illegal delivery to a batter
• Wide and narrow data, terms used to describe two different presentations for tabular data
• WIDE Project, Widely Integrated Distributed Environment
• Wide-angle Infinity Display Equipment
• WIDE-LP, a radio station (99.1 FM) licensed to Madison, Wisconsin
• Women in Development Europe; see Gender mainstreaming § European Union
• wide (tennis), meaning beyond the sidelines

XXL may refer to:

• XXL (club), in London, UK
• XXL (magazine), an American hip-hop magazine
• Penny Market XXL, a Romanian hypermarket chain
• XXL Sport & Villmark, a Norwegian sporting goods retailer