Schuster DCM Adjustable Gas Plug with Wrench M1 Garand Steel Parkerized

Gas is one of the four fundamental states of matter. The others are solid, liquid, and plasma. A pure gas is made up of individual atoms (e.g. a noble gas like neon) or molecules of either a single type of atom (elements such as oxygen) or from different atoms (compounds such as carbon dioxide). A gas mixture, such as air, contains a variety of pure gases. What distinguishes gases from liquids and solids is the vast separation of the individual gas particles. This separation usually makes a colorless gas invisible to the human observer.

The gaseous state of matter occurs between the liquid and plasma states, the latter of which provides the upper-temperature boundary for gases. Bounding the lower end of the temperature scale lie degenerative quantum gases which are gaining increasing attention. High-density atomic gases super-cooled to very low temperatures are classified by their statistical behavior as either Bose gases or Fermi gases. For a comprehensive listing of these exotic states of matter, see list of states of matter.

Plug, PLUG, plugs, or plugged may refer to:

• Plug, an insertive closure or stopper (plug)
  • Core plug, used to fill the casting holes on engines
  • Butt plug, a sex toy that is inserted into the rectum
  • Earplug for ear protection
  • Plug (sanitation), a stopper for a drainage outlet
• Plug (accounting), an unsupported adjustment to an accounting record
• Plug (fishing), a family of fishing lures
• Plug (horticulture), a planting technique
• Plug (jewellery), a type of jewellery worn in stretched piercings
• Fusible plug, a safety device in steam boilers
• Hair plug, hair that has undergone hair transplantation
• Mating plug, secretion used in the mating of some animal species
• Plug, a step in the manufacturing process for parts made of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer
• Plug, a type of chewing tobacco made by pressing tobacco with syrup
• Plug, the central element of a Plug and feathers, a tool for splitting stone
• Plug computer, a type of small-form-factor computer
• Portland Linux/Unix Group (PLUG), a group of Linux enthusiasts in Portland, Oregon
• Product plug, or product placement in marketing
• Volcanic plug, a geological landform
• Wall plug, a fastener that allows screws to be fitted into drywall or masonry walls
• Plug (plumbing)
• Plug, a worthless horse

Schuster ("shoemaker", "cobbler") is a common family name in German. It is also common among Ashkenazi Jews, sometimes spelled Shuster. Other spelling variants of the name include Šuster, Šustr, Šuštar, and Chouster.

Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon with improved strength and fracture resistance compared to other forms of iron. Because of its high tensile strength and low cost, steel is one of the most commonly manufactured materials in the world. Steel is used in buildings, as concrete reinforcing rods, in bridges, infrastructure, tools, ships, trains, cars, bicycles, machines, electrical appliances, furniture, and weapons.

Iron is always the main element in steel, but many other elements may be present or added. Stainless steels, which are resistant to corrosion and oxidation, typically are 18% chromium.

Iron is the base metal of steel. Depending on the temperature, it can take two crystalline forms (allotropic forms): body-centred cubic and face-centred cubic. The interaction of the allotropes of iron with the alloying elements, primarily carbon, gives steel and cast iron their range of unique properties. In pure iron, the crystal structure has relatively little resistance to the iron atoms slipping past one another, and so pure iron is quite ductile, or soft and easily formed. In steel, small amounts of carbon, other elements, and inclusions within the iron act as hardening agents that prevent the movement of dislocations.

The carbon in typical steel alloys may contribute up to 2.14% of its weight. Varying the amount of carbon and many other alloying elements, as well as controlling their chemical and physical makeup in the final steel (either as solute elements, or as precipitated phases), impedes the movement of the dislocations that make pure iron ductile, and thus controls and enhances its qualities. These qualities include the hardness, quenching behaviour, need for annealing, tempering behaviour, yield strength, and tensile strength of the resulting steel. The increase in steel's strength compared to pure iron is possible only by reducing iron's ductility.

Steel was produced in bloomery furnaces for thousands of years, but its large-scale, industrial use began only after more efficient production methods were devised in the 17th century, with the introduction of the blast furnace and production of crucible steel. This was followed by the Bessemer process in England in the mid-19th century, and then by the open-hearth furnace. With the invention of the Bessemer process, a new era of mass-produced steel began. Mild steel replaced wrought iron. The German states were the major steel producers in Europe in the 19th century. American steel production was centred in Pittsburgh; Bethlehem, Pennsylvania; and Cleveland until the late 20th century. Currently, world steel production is centered in China, which produced 54% of the world's steel in 2023.

Further refinements in the process, such as basic oxygen steelmaking (BOS), largely replaced earlier methods by further lowering the cost of production and increasing the quality of the final product. Today more than 1.6 billion tons of steel is produced annually. Modern steel is generally identified by various grades defined by assorted standards organizations. The modern steel industry is one of the largest manufacturing industries in the world, but also one of the most energy and greenhouse gas emission intense industries, contributing 8% of global emissions. However, steel is also very reusable: it is one of the world's most-recycled materials, with a recycling rate of over 60% globally.

With or WITH may refer to:

• With, a preposition in English
• Carl Johannes With (1877–1923), Danish doctor and arachnologist
• With (character), a character in D. N. Angel
• With (novel), a novel by Donald Harrington
• With (album), a 2014 album by TVXQ
• With (EP), a 2021 EP by Nam Woo-hyun

A wrench or spanner is a tool used to provide grip and mechanical advantage in applying torque to turn objects—usually rotary fasteners, such as nuts and bolts—or keep them from turning.

In the UK, Ireland, Australia, and New Zealand spanner is the standard term. The most common shapes are called open-ended spanner and ring spanner. The term wrench is generally used for tools that turn non-fastening devices (e.g. tap wrench and pipe wrench), or may be used for a monkey wrench—an adjustable pipe wrench.

In North American English, wrench is the standard term. The most common shapes are called open-end wrench and box-end wrench. In American English, spanner refers to a specialized wrench with a series of pins or tabs around the circumference. (These pins or tabs fit into the holes or notches cut into the object to be turned). In American commerce, such a wrench may be called a spanner wrench to distinguish it from the British sense of spanner.

Higher quality wrenches are typically made from chromium-vanadium alloy tool steels and are often drop-forged. They are frequently chrome-plated to resist corrosion and for ease of cleaning.

Hinged tools, such as pliers or tongs, are not generally considered wrenches in English, but exceptions are the plumber wrench (pipe wrench in British English) and Mole wrench (sometimes Mole grips in British English).

The word can also be used in slang to describe an unexpected obstacle, for example, "He threw a spanner in the works" (in U.S. English, "monkey wrench").